
March is Women’s History Month… An integral part of the empowerment of women is the protection and advocacy by men of women in ways which enable women to thrive and grow, and not hinder or control. In Greek mythology, the mythical figure of Eros (or his Roman counterpart most broadly referred to as Cupid), has a story which embodies the protection of women through love. Eros is the son of Aphrodite in Greek mythology, he is best known for setting the stage for lovers to come together. He is symbolically the son of love. He is also signified by carrying his bow and arrows, where he symbolically strikes people with love. His role in mythology is a complementary one, which has made tales or Eros much less prominent in the subjective discourse of Greek mythology.
Stories about Eros remained popular in the Middle Ages and Renaissance, with the main tale about him being his own unique love story – his falling in love with Psyche and ultimately protecting her. The tale of Eros and Psyche is one that originates in Apuleius’s classical The Golden Ass. This work is the only ancient Roman novel in Latin to survive in its entirety. In this tale, the storyline is focused on obstacles of love (ironically, Psyche in Greek means “Breath of Life,” so the entire idea of love coming together is the idea of life itself). Throughout the tale, there are various punishments and tests which mark the entire scope of how Psyche is set to find love with Eros.
The tale begins rather simply – there was once a king and queen who had three beautiful daughters. The youngest and most beautiful of them was Psyche. Her admirers neglected to worship Aphrodite and instead prayed and made offerings to her. Aphrodite finds out and becomes offended by this, concerned that her power would be usurped and she sends Eros to have revenge. She wants him to strike Psyche with an arrow of love so that Psyche falls in love with a hideous man. Instead, Eros scratches himself with the arrow on accident and falls deeply in love with Psyche. A wind takes Psyche into a beautiful meadow to bring her together with Eros, but she promptly falls asleep. She awakes to find herself looking at a majestic house with golden columns and with a carved ceiling, silver walls, and a jeweled floor. She is guided to a bedroom where she takes a lover in the dark and eventually becomes pregnant. In all this time, her family wonders what became of her and and Eros allows her sisters to pay a visit.
When her sisters discover the majestic house she lives in, they become jealous of Psyche. As a result, they prod her to unveil her husband’s identity. She does this, but while in the process, and being so surprised by Eros’s handsome appearance (expecting her disguised husband to be one of shame), she accidentally injures herself and he awakens in the process, flying away and then leaving Psyche on a river bank. The other two sisters offer themselves as a replacement, except they are sent to their deaths. During this time, Psyche comes across a temple of Ceres and offers to help, where she soon finds out that she will be serving Aphrodite herself. She is brought to her two handmaids, named “Worry” and “Sadness,” and then she is tortured by them. She is left in a heap of wheat and barley demanded by Aphrodite to organize. An ant takes pity on her and then forms an ant colony to take over and do this work for Psyche. Aprhodite is furious that the work is completed and only gives Psyche a crust of bread.
Psyche faces additional tasks under Aphrodite – she must cross a river and fetch golden wool, as well taking a crystal vessel to collect black water from the infamous river Styx. The god Jupiter takes pity on Psyche and sends an eagle to collect the water for her. Beyond these tasks, then Psyche is sent to the underworld itself. Aphrodite believes a beauty potion is there as she thinks her beauty has begun to fade by taking care of her son, Eros. Once Psyche arrives at a tower in the underworld, it gives her instructions and speaks to her. This tower tells her to stay silent and ignore the strange things she will see. She achieves finding this potion in the underworld and becomes curious about it herself, only to discover that the potion is nothing at all, except sleep. She is then sent into a deep sleep – like Sleeping Beauty.
All along the way, Eros has healed his wound and flies out the window of Aphrodite’s house. He finds Psyche asleep and awakes her and puts the sleep back into the box to give to Aphrodite (who assumes this is a love potion – another ironic thing is to recognize that sleep is great for beauty). Eros brings the story of his love for Psyche to Zeus and makes a case to him: Zeus then allows Psyche to become an immortal god and this union ends in a happy marriage. Perhaps the most fascinating element of this tale is to recognize that love never has a clear path in life. We can conceptualize all the rights and wrongs of how we can go about finding love, but ultimately, life itself has its trials and tribulations and it is the fact that love exists and that love finds its way to us in the most unlikely ways do we realize how there is no methodology to love. This is greatly exemplified in the storyline that Eros accidentally strikes himself and finds love in an entirely unintentional way, yet he persists and protects his love.
The entire scope of our experiences in life is shaped by our willingness to accept its ambiguity, and to do good and act wisely, in the best ways we know how. Furthermore, Eros embodies a protector of women through his love of Psyche.
The story originated in 1566 and its truths remain unchanged in times of modern technology and AI.
Sources: Wikpedia of Cupid and Psyche & Eros

Cupid and Psyche (1859) by John Gibson RA at Royal Academy of Arts, London






















































